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South Island robin : ウィキペディア英語版
South Island robin

The South Island robin (''Petroica australis''), is a sparrow-sized bird found only in New Zealand, where it has the status of a protected endemic species. The birds are sparsely distributed through the South Island and Stewart Island/Rakiura, although the distribution is not continuous. The nominate, and the Stewart Island robin (''P. australis rakiura'') are the two subspecies. The species is closely related to the North Island robin (formerly ''P. australis longipes'', now considered a distinct species ), and also to the extremely rare black robin (''P. traversi'') of the Chatham Islands.
==Description==

The South Island robin is a small passerine, 10–18 cm in length and weighing around 35 g. North Island robins do resemble both females and juveniles of the South Island robins, as well as all the Stewart Island robins, which can sometimes make it difficult to distinguish between the three. The females and juveniles within a particular group of robins look similar to each other, although newly independent juveniles may not yet have the more lightly colored breast patch. However, North Island males are almost black with a white spot just above the beak as well as the grayish-white lower breast. Females and juveniles are grayer with more variable pale patches on their breasts and throats. South Island males are dark gray except for the distinct yellowish white lower chest, while females and juveniles are again lighter gray with a less distinct breast. Finally, Stewart Island robins look similar to North Island robins (males and females).〔
New Zealand robins are relatively long-lived; life-spans of at least 14 years have been recorded in the wild.〔

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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